Fig. 1: Polarization direction controlled by substrate surface termination. | NPG Asia Materials

Fig. 1: Polarization direction controlled by substrate surface termination.

From: Tuning of current-induced effective magnetic field through Rashba effect engineering in hybrid multiferroic structures

Fig. 1: Polarization direction controlled by substrate surface termination.

Schematic structure of BaTiO3 grown on a TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 and b SrO-terminated SrTiO3 via insertion of a layer of SrRuO3. The red arrows represent the direction of the ferroelectric polarization of BaTiO3. The corresponding out-of-plane phase images are shown in c and d, where the different colors confirm their opposite polarization. The size scale bars are 500 nm. e HAADF-STEM images of a BaTiO3 film grown on top of SrO-terminated SrTiO3 by inserting a SrRuO3 layer

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