Fig. 5: In vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay. | NPG Asia Materials

Fig. 5: In vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay.

From: Surface-engineered nanobubbles with pH-/light-responsive drug release and charge-switchable behaviors for active NIR/MR/US imaging-guided tumor therapy

Fig. 5: In vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a CCK-8 assay: cell viability of MGC-803 cells treated with 5-FU, IR-780, and nanobubbles with or without laser irradiation at different concentrations of IR-780 and 5-FU. b Cell viability of MGC-803 cells treated with nanobubbles (equal to 7.02 μg/mL 5-FU) at different pH values. c Flow cytometry: MGC-803 cells were treated with 5-FU, IR-780, and nanobubbles with or without laser irradiation. The red arrow represents PI, and the green arrow represents Annexin V-FITC. d Photodamage efficacy of nanobubbles and IR-780 in MGC-803 cells. Each well was treated with and without laser irradiation. The red color represents dead cells (staining with PI), and the green color represents live cells (staining with Calcein-M). All data are presented as the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01

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