Fig. 3: Energy storage characteristics of meso- and compact-WO3 ECSs.

a GCD curves of the meso-WO3 ECS at various current densities. b Dependence of the capacitance retention of the compact- and meso-WO3 ECSs on the charging/discharging current densities. c Charging/discharging cycling stability of the ECSs at a current density of 1.0mA/cm2. d GCD curve at 1.0mA/cm2 and the corresponding in situ transmittance profile at 700nm for the meso-WO3 ECS. e Photographs of the meso-WO3 ECS during the charging and discharging process. f Schematic illustration of the ion intercalation in meso- (left) and compact-WO3 (right).