Fig. 5: Various factors that influence the formation of an EDL on a graphene surface. | NPG Asia Materials

Fig. 5: Various factors that influence the formation of an EDL on a graphene surface.

From: Interaction of 2D materials with liquids: wettability, electrochemical properties, friction, and emerging directions

Fig. 5

a Normalized transconductance at n-type and p-type regions as a function of the WCA on graphene. b, c Ion distribution calculated as a function of distance from graphene when the substrate is b hydrophobic PTFE and c hydrophilic SiO2. Note that hydrophilic substrates induce a densely packed and well-defined electrical double layer on the graphene surface, while hydrophobic substrates suppress EDL formation47. d Changes in the total capacitance, geometrical capacitance, and quantum capacitance (denoted as CEDL, Cg, and Cq, respectively) as a function of the number of layers of graphene. e Accumulated charge distribution over the double layer capacitor and few-layered graphene quantum capacitors50. f Total capacitance of HOPG prepared with different aging conditions, FEG for freshly exfoliated HOPG, IAG for HOPG aged in an inert-gas atmosphere, and AAG for HOPG aged in an air atmosphere52. a–c Reprinted (adapted) with permission from Kwon et al.47, Copyright (2019) American Chemical Society. d, e Modified after (Uesugi et al.50. (© 2013, Springer Nature) (license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode). f Reproduced with permission from the ACS (Zou et al.52.), available at (10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02910). Additional permissions related to the excerpted material should be directed to the ACS52.

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