Fig. 1: Comparison between before and after annealing. | NPG Asia Materials

Fig. 1: Comparison between before and after annealing.

From: Unique phonon modes of a CH3NH3PbBr3 hybrid perovskite film without the influence of defect structures: an attempt toward a novel THz-based application

Fig. 1

a The atomic structures before and after annealing at 100 °C for 10 min. The as-received MAPbBr3 thin film showed MAPbBr and PbBr2 structures. However, the residual elements disappeared after annealing, b UV-visible absorption spectra before and after annealing. The optical bandgap is 2.23 eV in the annealed sample, and c, d Top-view SEM images before and after annealing. After annealing, the partially unfilled surface also disappeared.

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