Fig. 8: Observation of the osteogenic differentiation of TG2-EMSCs and regenerative blood vessels in the bone bridge. | NPG Asia Materials

Fig. 8: Observation of the osteogenic differentiation of TG2-EMSCs and regenerative blood vessels in the bone bridge.

From: Functional tissue-engineered bone-like graft made of a fibrin scaffold and TG2 gene-modified EMSCs for bone defect repair

Fig. 8: Observation of the osteogenic differentiation of TG2-EMSCs and regenerative blood vessels in the bone bridge.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

To confirm the in vivo osteogenic differentiation of the TG2-EMSCs in the transplanted bone-like graft into osteoblasts/osteocytes, cells coexpressing TG2 and OCN were detected by the immunohistochemical staining of adjacent tissue sections among continuous coronal plane sections (A–C). At 4 weeks after implantation of the graft, TG2-EMSCs could express both TG2 (B) and OCN (C) within the regenerative bone bridge (marked box in A). Meanwhile, there were densely distributed regenerative blood vessels (asterisks) in the graft. Around the vessels, there were many TG2-positive osteoblasts/osteocyte-like cells observed on immunostaining (D), which might be derived from TG2-EMSCs.

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