Fig. 3: Finite-element analysis of the roll-to-plate (R2P) transfer process and simulated strain distribution according to PDMS layer thickness.

a Schematic illustration showing the finite-element model; the transfer film (PET/PDMS) was fixed on a soft blanket, and the PDMS layer came into contact with the rigid substrate under a contact load of 2 N/mm. b Contours of the in-plane strain εx along the circumferential direction of the roll according to the PDMS layer thickness. The PDMS layer experienced maximum tensile strain near the end of the contact area. c Profiles of the in-plane strain εx in the PDMS layer surface as a function of thickness. The critical failure strain of Gr/PET was approximately 0.6%45,46.