Fig. 4: Measured and calculated magnetic torques at room temperature.

a Schematic of the magnetic torque measurement using a piezoresistive cantilever connected to a Wheatstone bridge circuit. H deviating from the c-axis by the angle θ is rotated. b Angle dependence of the magnetic torque per unit volume, τ = M × H, measured at T = 300 K and H = 0.7, 1.6, 1.7, and 3 T. The scale of τ at 9 T is ten and twenty times larger than the scales at 1.6 and 1.7 T, respectively. c 3D contour plot of the angle-dependent τ data measured at different H and T = 300 K. d Angle dependence of τ estimated from the uniaxial anisotropic spin model at H = 0.7, 1.5, 1.7, and 3 T. e 3D contour plot constructed from the angle-dependent τ data calculated at different H.