Fig. 5: Directing the behavior of cells by higher-order DNA origami structures.

a Antigen-DNA hybrid NPs for studying the role of nanoscale antigen organization on B-cell activation. eOG-GT8 antigens are patterned on two DNA origami scaffolds into different spatial arrangements to investigate the impact of the spatial distribution of antigen on B-cell activation. b A laterally mobile DNA origami platform functionalized with antigens for exploring the mechanism of T-cell activation by pMHCs. (Reproduced with permission156, Copyright 2021, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences). c DNA origami structure-directed cell‒cell communication. DNA origami structures are used to direct the cell‒cell communications between different cells in defined modes. (Reproduced with permission165, Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society).