Table 2 Summary of the perovskite composition, module structure, efficiency, and perovskite film deposition method of representative inverted perovskite solar modules (note that perovskite is abbreviated as PVK, and this table only includes data from studies on inverted perovskite solar modules with a total area larger than 10 cm²).

Cs_0.05(FA_0.9MA_0.1)_0.95Pb(I_0.9Br_0.1)₃

ITO/NiO_x/PTAA/PVK/PCBM/BCP/Ag

19.16^da

15.7

Slot-die coating

¹⁶⁰

Cs_0.05(FA_0.9MA_0.1)_0.95Pb(I_0.9Br_0.1)₃

FTO/NiO_x/PTAA/Al₂O₃/PVK/PEAI/PCBM/BCP/ALD-SnO₂/Ag

11.2^ac

16.9

Spin coating

¹⁶¹

(FA_0.95MA_0.05)Pb(I_0.95Br_0.05)₃

ITO/PTAA/PVK/PCBM/BCP/Ag

17.11^ap

17.8 (certified)

Vacuum Flash-assisted processing

¹⁶²

MAPbI₃

ITO/P3HT-COOH/PVK/PCBM/PEI/Ag,

36.6^ac

16.06

Spin coating

¹⁶³

MAPbI₃

ITO/NiO_x/PVK/PCBM/BCP/Ag

25.0^ap

16.12

Meniscus-coating

¹⁶⁴

FA_0.92Cs_0.08PbI₃

ITO/PTAA/PVK/C₆₀/BCP/Cu

29.5^ap

18.6 (certified)

Blade coating

¹⁶⁵

MA_0.7FA_0.3PbI₃

ITO/PTAA/PVK/C₆₀/BCP/Cu

63.7^ap

16.4 (certified)

Blade coating

⁷⁸

FA_0.83Cs_0.17PbI_2.83Br_0.17

FTO/NiMgLiO/PVK/LiF/C₆₀/BCP/Bi/Ag

20.77^ac

16.63 (certified)

Slot-die coating

⁷⁹

MA_0.6FA_0.4PbI₃

ITO/PTAA/PVK/C₆₀/BCP/Cu

50.0^ap

19.2 (certified)

Blade coating

²⁶

Cs_0.05(FA_0.9MA_0.1)_0.95Pb(I_0.9Br_0.1)₃

ITO/PTAA/Al₂O₃/PVK/C₆₀/SnO₂/Ag

12.84^ap

21.07 (certified)

Spin coating

²⁷