Fig. 1: DFT calculations and laser light-induced surface charge of the ANF membrane.
From: Light-enhanced osmotic energy generation with an aramid nanofiber membrane

A Kohn–Sham orbitals of the conduction band of the ANFs and (B) Density of states (DOS), (C) LUMO, and (D) HOMO structure of ANF with DFT calculations C gray, N blue, O red, H white. E Schematic showing the experimental setup: laser light was used to photogate the ANFs and thus modulate the surface charge of the membrane.