Fig. 10: Sensing principle of the heterojunction. Schematic diagram explaining the bending of heterojunction interfacial bands of adsorbed surface matter.

a Band diagram for NiO and WO3, b Band diagram for the NiO/WO3 interface in air, c Band diagram for NiO/WO3 after the interface in the target gas. Reproduced with permission from ref. 82. d Band diagram for the NiO/SnO2 interface in air. e Band diagram for NiO/SnO2 after interface in target gas. Reproduced with permission from ref. 83.