Table 2 Comparison of the acetone sensing capability of the WO₃ nanoneedle film with those of previously reported WO₃-based acetone gas sensors.

WO₃ nanoneedle-assembled film

0.025

1.049

300

1.96

This study

0.05

1.218

300

4.36

This study

0.075

1.491

300

6.55

This study

0.1

2.043

300

10.43

This study

0.125

2.392

300

11.14

This study

0.25

3.591

300

10.36

This study

0.5

5.713

300

9.43

This study

0.75

6.777

300

7.70

This study

1

7.418

300

6.42

This study

1.25

7.656

300

5.32

This study

10

19.72

300

1.87

This study

WO₃ particulate film

100

18.51

200

0.18

36

Sea urchins-like WO₃

2

2.8

200

0.90

37

5

4.7

200

0.74

10

6.4

200

0.54

100

27.2

200

0.26

WO₃ nanosheet

100

12

340

0.11

WO₃-C₃N₄ nanosheet

100

35

340

0.34

5 mol% Cr₂O₃-doped WO₃ thin film

4.19

320

0.32

38

15

6.13

320

0.34

20

8.91

320

0.40

3 mol% Cu-doped WO₃ hollow fiber

6.43

300

0.27

39

Flower-like MoO₃/WO₃ (Mo:W = 4:1)

18.2

320

0.17

40

Flower-like WO₃

100

10.9

320

0.10

Single crystalline WO₃ plate

15

307

0.14

42

1000

105

307

0.10

WO₃ particle

100

11

307

0.10

1000

27

307

0.03

WO₃ hollow sphere

50

3.53

400

0.05

43

100

4.56

400

0.04

200

6.04

400

0.03

500

13.5

400

0.03

1000

16

400

0.02

2000

18.6

400

0.01

5000

23.1

400

0.00

WO₃ nanosheet

10

2.5

340

0.15

44

20

4.5

340

0.18

50

7.5

340

0.13

100

9.5

340

0.09

300

13

340

0.04

500

14

340

0.03

Ag QDs sensitized WO₃ nanosheet

2.5

340

0.15

20

5

340

0.20

50

8

340

0.14

100

12

340

0.11

300

17

340

0.05

500

19.5

340

0.04