Table 1 Summary of the visual and refractive outcomes in the sample evaluated

From: Patient outcomes following implantation with a trifocal toric IOL: twelve-month prospective multicentre study

Mean (SD)

Preoperative

1–7 days

1 month

3 months

6 months

12 months

P-value

Monocular LogMAR UDVA

–

0.16 (0.17)

0.11 (0.14)

0.10 (0.14)

0.08 (0.13)

0.10 (0.14)

<0.001 (1–12 months)

Monocular LogMAR CDVA

0.24 (0.21)

0.07 (0.12)

0.02 (0.09)

0.02 (0.09)

0.01 (0.10)

0.02 (0.11)

<0.001 (preop-12 months)

      

<0.001 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR UDVA

–

–

0.04 (0.11)

0.03 (0.12)

0.02 (0.11)

0.02 (0.10)

0.159 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR CDVA

–

–

−0.01 (0.08)

−0.02 (0.08)

−0.03 (0.09)

−0.02 (0.09)

0.004 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR UNVA (40cm)

–

–

0.18 (0.14)

0.17 (0.14)

0.17 (0.14)

0.16 (0.14)

0.923 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR DCNVA (40cm)

–

–

0.16 (0.13)

0.15 (0.13)

0.14 (0.13)

0.15 (0.13)

0.147 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR DCNVA

–

–

0.15 (0.13)

0.14 (0.13)

0.13 (0.12)

0.13 (0.13)

0.933 (1–12 months)

(preferred distance)

  

(37.59±6.88)

(37.35±5.23)

(37.40±5.03)

(37.69±6.52)

 

Binocular LogMAR UIVA (80cm)

–

–

0.09 (0.18)

0.08 (0.16)

0.08 (0.15)

0.06 (0.16)

0.052 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR DCIVA (80cm)

0.15 (0.20)

–

0.06 (0.20)

0.04 (0.16)

0.05 (0.16)

0.04 (0.16)

<0.001 (preop-12 months)

      

0.561 (1–12 months)

Binocular LogMAR UIVA

–

–

0.09 (0.17)

0.08 (0.16)

0.07 (0.14)

0.07 (0.15)

0.301 (1–12 months)

(preferred distance)

  

(71.75±10.42)

(69.90±9.76)

(69.49±7.92)

(69.88±7.57)

 

Binocular LogMAR DCIVA

–

–

0.08 (0.18)

0.07 (0.16)

0.07 (0.15)

0.06 (0.15)

0.365 (1–12 months)

(preferred distance)

  

(69.04±10.79)

(69.05±9.81)

(68.93±7.93)

(69.53±7.52)

 

Sphere (D)

0.22 (3.27)

−0.10 (0.52)

−0.10 (0.52)

0.03 (0.56)

0.03 (0.53)

0.01 (0.55)

0.065 (preop-12 months)

      

0.07 (1–12 months)

Cylinder (D)

−1.19 (0.94)

−0.38 (0.42)

−0.32 (0.33)

−0.36 (0.35)

−0.38 (0.34)

−0.36 (0.34)

<0.001 (preop-12 months)

      

0.143 (1–12 months)

SE (D)

−0.37 (3.35)

−0.29 (0.50)

−0.26 (0.48)

−0.15 (0.52)

−0.17 (0.48)

−0.18 (0.52)

0.688 (preop-12 months)

      

0.003 (1–12 months)

  1. SD standard deviation, D diopters, UDVA uncorrected distance visual acuity, CDVA corrected distance visual acuity, DCNVA distance-corrected near visual acuity, DCIVA distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity, UIVA uncorrected intermediate visual acuity, SE spherical equivalent
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