Table 4 Potential misdiagnoses for nAMD.

From: Fluid as a critical biomarker in neovascular age-related macular degeneration management: literature review and consensus recommendations

Category

Condition

Inherited retinal diseases

Pattern dystrophy with pigment epithelial detachment

 

Adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy

 

Macular telangiectasia type 1

 

MNV secondary to Sorsby fundus dystrophy

 

MNV secondary to Stargardt disease

Trauma and infection

MNV secondary to presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome

 

MNV secondary to choroidal rupture

 

MNV secondary to trauma/laser pointers

Chorioretinal uveitis syndromes

Inflammatory MNV

 

Chorioretinitis

 

MNV secondary to punctate inner choroidopathy

Retinopathies

Diabetic maculopathy

 

Central serous chorioretinopathy

 

Pachychoroid neovasculopathy

 

Myopic MNV

 

Retinal vein occlusion

 

Non-neovascular AMD, e.g., avascular PEDs with or without pockets of SRF

Neurodegenerative conditions

Macular telangiectasia type 2

Other

Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex

 

Macroaneurysm

 

Epiretinal membrane

 

Vitreomacular traction

 

MNV secondary to previous laser photocoagulation in cases with concomitant DMO

 

MNV secondary to angioid streaks

Degenerative structural features that mimic neovascular activity

Outer retinal tubulation

(non-specific for AMD)

Plateau sign

 

Apoptotic cysts

 

Pseudocysts

 

Hyporeflective wedge

 

Draping of drusen

  1. AMD age-related macular degeneration, DME diabetic macular oedema, MNV macular neovascularization, nAMD neovascular age-related macular degeneration, PED pigment epithelial detachment, SRF subretinal fluid.