Table 1 Potential differential diagnoses for those suspected with GCA.
From: Giant cell arteritis: reviewing the advancing diagnostics and management
Diagnostic sieve | Potential differential diagnosis for those with suspected GCA |
|---|---|
Ocular causes | Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy |
Angle closure glaucoma | |
Regional causes | Carotid artery occlusive disease |
Intracranial pathology (such as pituitary apoplexy or cavernous sinus lesion) | |
Migraine | |
Cluster headache | |
Trigeminal neuralgia | |
TMJ dysfunction | |
Dental pain | |
Cervical spondylosis | |
Infections | Herpes zoster ophthalmicus |
Varicella zoster | |
Otitis external | |
Sinusitis | |
Dental abscess | |
Systemic conditions | Multiple myeloma |
Amyloidosis | |
Other vasculitides (such as granulomatosis polyangiitis) |
