Fig. 1: The inclusion criteria and screening process of this study.

*The potential population of ortho-k lens use was defined as −5.0 D ≤ SE ≤ − 1.0 D and a cylindrical degree of ≤2.0 D for non-users.

*The potential population of ortho-k lens use was defined as −5.0 D ≤ SE ≤ − 1.0 D and a cylindrical degree of ≤2.0 D for non-users.