Table 1 Suggested history and investigations for patients with CRAO.
Arteritic Cause | Investigation |
|---|---|
History to investigate common risk factors | Family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases Diabetes mellitus Dyslipidaemia Valvular heart disease Smoking Past medical history of TIAs or angina |
Blood investigations for common vascular risk factors | Blood pressure Fasting blood glucose level Fasting cholesterol levels |
Investigations to identify if it is from an embolic source | Duplex carotid ultrasound Echocardiogram |
Investigations for young patients (<50 years) with no vascular risk factors | Hypercoagulable screen (protein C&S, factor V Leiden, anti-phospholipid antibody) Vasculitic screen (ANA, ENA, ANCA, ACE) Myeloproliferative or sickle cell disease (blood film) |
