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Pathobiology of the developing eye lens: regulation of intracellular MAPK-signalling pathways to prevent lens dysplasia

Eye volume 40, pages 34–38 (2026)Cite this article

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Abstract

The pathobiology of the developing eye lens can result from a wide range of developmental defects, triggered by a range of mechanisms emanating from genetic mutations, intrauterine infections, metabolic and anatomical disorders, or extrinsic environmental factors. In this brief review we touch on the significance of the growth factor rich milieu of the ocular media that orchestrates the tight regulation of lens cellular processes essential for its distinct architecture. We take a closer look at select receptor tyrosine kinase pathways in lens, and some of the endogenous antagonists that negatively modulate them in return. The importance of preserving sight is showcased here through the plasticity of the lens responding to its environment, even when genetically modified to compromise its normal molecular machinery. Interestingly, opposing experimental approaches disrupting specific kinase phosphorylation in lens, that result in either heightened or reduced signalling activity, lead to similar pathological outcomes in the lens and eye, highlighting their important reciprocal relationship. We explore how the lens manages with different stresses to restore its homeostasis and balance as a means of maintaining its essential structure and associated functionality.

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Fig. 1: Lens development and its experimental manipulation.
Fig. 2: Lens dysplasia resulting from either overexpression or loss of Spreds.

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Acknowledgements

I would primarily like to think the organisers of the 53rd Cambridge Ophthalmological Symposium, especially Mr Martin Snead, for his invitation, as well as the support to attend and present my research. In addition, I would like to acknowledge all my past and present laboratory team members and collaborators that have contributed to the data I have reviewed here. Finally, I would like to thank and acknowledge the ongoing support of the Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW. Australia. The corresponding author declares that, to the best of their knowledge and belief, there are no actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could compromise their objectivity, independence, or ability to perform the duties and responsibilities associated with this review article.

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  1. Professor of Ocular Cell and Developmental Biology, Save Sight Institute and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Frank J. Lovicu

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  1. Frank J. Lovicu
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Correspondence to Frank J. Lovicu.

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Lovicu, F.J. Pathobiology of the developing eye lens: regulation of intracellular MAPK-signalling pathways to prevent lens dysplasia. Eye 40, 34–38 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-04110-8

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