Table 1 Demographics and vision screening outcomes for 15,842 children stratified by quartiles of Area Deprivation Index and Social Vulnerability Index.

From: Area Deprivation and Social Vulnerability Are Associated with Pediatric Vision Screening Outcomes in the University of California, Irvine EyeMobile Program

Variable

Total (n = 15,842)

ADI Q1 (n = 2420)

ADI Q2 (n = 3485)

ADI Q3 (n = 4180)

ADI Q4 (n = 5757)

SVI Q1 (n = 2800)

SVI Q2 (n = 3700)

SVI Q3 (n = 4470)

SVI Q4 (n = 4872)

Ethnicity

 Hispanic

8193 (51.7%)

1067 (44.1%)

1945 (55.8%)

1988 (47.6%)

3193 (55.4%)

924 (33.0%)

1688 (45.6%)

2520 (56.4%)

3061 (62.8%)

 Caucasian

3718 (23.5%)

814 (33.6%)

839 (24.1%)

1030 (24.6%)

1035 (18.0%)

1122 (40.1%)

1025 (27.7%)

874 (19.6%)

697 (14.3%)

 Asian

2650 (16.7%)

397 (16.4%)

398 (11.4%)

901 (21.6%)

954 (16.6%)

605 (21.6%)

687 (18.6%)

691 (15.5%)

667 (13.7%)

 African American

394 (2.5%)

35 (1.5%)

65 (1.9%)

59 (1.4%)

235 (4.1%)

33 (1.2%)

65 (1.8%)

105 (2.3%)

191 (3.9%)

 Middle Eastern

887 (5.6%)

107 (4.4%)

238 (6.8%)

202 (4.8%)

340 (5.9%)

116 (4.1%)

235 (6.4%)

280 (6.3%)

256 (5.3%)

Sex 

 Male

8025 (50.7%)

1234 (51.0%)

1771 (50.8%)

2134 (51.0%)

2886 (50.1%)

1400 (50.0%)

1881 (50.8%)

2258 (50.5%)

2486 (51.0%)

 Female

7817 (49.3%)

1186 (49.0%)

1714 (49.2%)

2046 (49.0%)

2871 (49.9%)

1400 (50.0%)

1819 (49.2%)

2212 (49.5%)

2386 (49.0%)

Total screened

 Screen pass

11,199 (70.7%)

1889 (78.0%)

2750 (78.9%)

2725 (65.2%)

3835 (66.7%)

2099 (75.0%)

2730 (73.8%)

3180 (71.2%)

3190 (65.5%)

 Referred

3609 (22.8%)

397 (16.4%)

525 (15.1%)

1166 (27.9%)

1521 (26.4%)

504 (18.0%)

798 (21.6%)

1104 (24.7%)

1203 (24.7%)

 Unable to screen

150 (0.9%)

13 (0.6%)

28 (0.8%)

45 (1.1%)

64 (1.1%)

25 (0.9%)

33 (0.9%)

46 (1.0%)

46 (0.9%)

 Fit-for-frames

825 (5.2%)

117 (4.8%)

180 (5.1%)

219 (5.2%)

309 (5.3%)

158 (5.6%)

125 (3.4%)

129 (2.9%)

413 (8.5%)

 Previously dispensed glasses

59 (0.4%)

4 (0.2%)

2 (0.1%)

25 (0.6%)

28 (0.5%)

14 (0.5%)

14 (0.4%)

11 (0.2%)

20 (0.4%)

  1. ‘Referred’ indicates referral for further comprehensive eye examination after failed screening. ‘Fit-for-Frames’ are children who passed the autorefractor screening but required new spectacles and received them on the same day of the visit. ‘Previously Dispensed Glasses’ are students presenting with EyeMobile-provided spectacles from prior visits who retested using them and passed.
  2. Values are reported as a number (%). Quartiles: Q1 = least deprived/vulnerable, Q4 = most deprived/vulnerable. P-values calculated by chi-square test for association across quartiles. Race/ethnicity distributions differed significantly across both ADI and SVI quartiles (overall chi-square p < 0.001 for each), with Hispanic children disproportionately represented in Q4 and Caucasian children more frequently represented in Q1. Vision screening outcomes (screen pass, referral, unable to screen, fit-for-frames, previously dispensed glasses) also differed significantly across ADI and SVI quartiles (overall chi-square p < 0.001 for each). Sex distribution did not differ significantly across quartiles (p > 0.05).
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