Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Association between ABO and Duffy blood types and circulating chemokines and cytokines

Genes & Immunity volume 22, pages 161–171 (2021)Cite this article

Subjects

This article has been updated

Abstract

Blood group antigens are inherited traits that may play a role in immune and inflammatory processes. We investigated associations between blood groups and circulating inflammation-related molecules in 3537 non-Hispanic white participants selected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Whole-genome scans were used to infer blood types for 12 common antigen systems based on well-characterized single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Serum levels of 96 biomarkers were measured on multiplex fluorescent bead-based panels. We estimated marker associations with blood type using weighted linear or logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and principal components of population substructure. Bonferroni correction was used to control for multiple comparisons, with two-sided p values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Among the 1152 associations tested, 10 were statistically significant. Duffy blood type was associated with levels of CXCL6/GCP2, CXCL5/ENA78, CCL11/EOTAXIN, CXCL1/GRO, CCL2/MCP1, CCL13/MCP4, and CCL17/TARC, whereas ABO blood type was associated with levels of sVEGFR2, sVEGFR3, and sGP130. Post hoc pairwise t-tests showed that individuals with type Fy(a+b−) had the lowest mean levels of all Duffy-associated markers, while individuals with type A blood had the lowest mean levels of all ABO-associated markers. Additional work is warranted to explore potential clinical implications of these differences.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on SpringerLink
  • Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: Observed versus expected distribution of p values for associations between circulating inflammatory markers and blood antigen groups.
Fig. 2: Estimated marginal mean (EMM) concentrations of circulating biomarkers among individuals with different Duffy phenotypes, adjusting for age (5-year categories), sex, study, smoking status (never/former/current), and the first-five principal components of population substructure.
Fig. 3: Estimated marginal mean (EMM) concentrations of circulating biomarkers among individuals with different ABO phenotypes, adjusting for age (5-year categories), sex, study, smoking status (never/former/current), and the first-five principal components of population substructure.

Similar content being viewed by others

Code availability

Code used for analyses can be accessed at https://github.com/sarahVanAlsten/blood_type_inflammation.

Change history

  • 16 August 2021

    The names of Sarah C. Van Alsten and M. Constanza Camargo were given incorrect in HTML version of the article. Correct is by Sarah C. Van Alsten : Given name: Sarah C. Family name: Van Alsten and by M. Constanza Camargo Given name: M. Constanza Family name: Camargo.

References

  1. Nydegger UE, Tevaearai H, Berdat P, Rieben R, Carrel T, Mohacsi P, et al. Histo-blood group antigens as allo- and autoantigens. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1050:40–51. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1313.006.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Poole J, Daniels G. Blood group antibodies and their significance in transfusion medicine. Transfus Med Rev. 2007;21:58–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2006.08.003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cooling L. Blood groups in infection and host susceptibility. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015;28:801–70. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Bohmig GA, Farkas AM, Eskandary F, Wekerle T. Strategies to overcome the abo barrier in kidney transplantation. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015;11:732–47. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2015.144.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hendrickson JE, Delaney M. Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: modern practice and future investigations. Transfus Med Rev. 2016;30:159–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.05.008.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. King CL, Adams JH, Xianli J, Grimberg BT, McHenry AM, Greenberg LJ, et al. Fy(a)/Fy(b) antigen polymorphism in human erythrocyte Duffy antigen affects susceptibility to plasmodium vivax malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108:20113–8. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1109621108.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Moonens K, Gideonsson P, Subedi S, Bugaytsova J, Romaõ E, Mendez M, et al. Structural insights into polymorphic abo glycan binding by helicobacter pylori. Cell Host Microbe. 2016;19:55–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2015.12.004.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Guillon P, Clement M, Sebille V, Rivain JG, Chou CF, Ruvoen-Clouet N, et al. Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies. Glycobiology. 2008;18:1085–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwn093.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ellinghaus D, Degenhardt F, Bujanda L, Buti M, Albillos A, Invernizzi P, et al. Genomewide association study of severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1522–34. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2020283.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kolin DA, Kulm S, Christos PJ, Elemento O. Clinical, regional, and genetic characteristics of COVID-19 patients from UK Biobank. PLOS ONE. 2020;15:e0241264. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241264.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Barnkob MB, Pottegård A, Støvring H, Haunstrup TM, Homburg K, Larsen R, et al. Reduced prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ABO blood group O. Blood Adv. 2020;4:4990–3. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002657.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Hoiland RL, Fergusson NA, Mitra AR, Griesdale DEG, Devine DV, Stukas S, et al. The association of abo blood group with indices of disease severity and multiorgan dysfunction in COVID-19. Blood Adv. 2020;4:4981–9. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002623.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Ray JG, Schull MJ, Vermeulen MJ, Park AL. Association between ABO and Rh blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174:308–15. https://doi.org/10.7326/m20-4511.

  14. Cohen M, Hurtado-Ziola N, Varki A. ABO blood group glycans modulate sialic acid recognition on erythrocytes. Blood. 2009;114:3668–76. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-06-227041.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Varki A. Biological roles of glycans. Glycobiology. 2017;27:3–49. https://doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cww086.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Melzer D, Perry JR, Hernandez D, Corsi AM, Stevens K, Rafferty I, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs). PLoS Genet. 2008;4:e1000072. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000072.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Preston RJ, Rawley O, Gleeson EM, O’Donnell JS. Elucidating the role of carbohydrate determinants in regulating hemostasis: insights and opportunities. Blood. 2013;121:3801–10. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-10-415000.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Polfus LM, Raffield LM, Wheeler MM, Tracy RP, Lange LA, Lettre G, et al. Whole genome sequence association with e-selectin levels reveals loss-of-function variant in African Americans. Hum Mol Genet. 2019;28:515–23. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddy360.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Sliz E, Kalaoja M, Ahola-Olli A, Raitakari O, Perola M, Salomaa V, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies seven novel loci associating with circulating cytokines and cell adhesion molecules in Finns. J Med Genet. 2019;56:607–16. https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105965.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Kiechl S, Pare G, Barbalic M, Qi L, Dupuis J, Dehghan A, et al. Association of variation at the abo locus with circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble p-selectin, and soluble e-selectin: a meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2011;4:681–6. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.111.960682.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Aslibekyan S, Agha G, Colicino E, Do AN, Lahti J, Ligthart S, et al. Association of methylation signals with incident coronary heart disease in an epigenome-wide assessment of circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha. JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3:463–72. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0510.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Fukuma N, Akimitsu N, Hamamoto H, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Sekimizu K. A role of the Duffy antigen for the maintenance of plasma chemokine concentrations. 2003;303:137–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00293-6.

  23. Pruenster M, Mudde L, Bombosi P, Dimitrova S, Zsak M, Middleton J, et al. The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines transports chemokines and supports their promigratory activity. Nat Immunol. 2009;10:101–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1675.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Comerford I, Nibbs RJ. Post-translational control of chemokines: a role for decoy receptors? Immunol Lett. 2005;96:163–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2004.08.018.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Comuzzie AG, Cole SA, Laston SL, Voruganti VS, Haack K, Gibbs RA, et al. Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the hispanic population. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e51954. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051954.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Wang J, Ou ZL, Hou YF, Luo JM, Shen ZZ, Ding J, et al. Enhanced expression of Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines by breast cancer cells attenuates growth and metastasis potential. Oncogene. 2006;25:7201–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209703.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Maeda S, Kuboki S, Nojima H, Shimizu H, Yoshitomi H, Furukawa K, et al. Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) expressing in cancer cells inhibits tumor progression by suppressing CXCR2 signaling in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cytokine. 2017;95:12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.007.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Addison CL, Belperio JA, Burdick MD, Strieter RM. Overexpression of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) by NSCLC tumor cells results in increased tumor necrosis. BMC Cancer. 2004;4:28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-4-28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Pavlakovic H, Becker J, Albuquerque R, Wilting J, Ambati J. Soluble VEGFR-2: an antilymphangiogenic variant of VEGF receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1207:E7–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05714.x.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Albuquerque RJ, Hayashi T, Cho WG, Kleinman ME, Dridi S, Takeda A, et al. Alternatively spliced vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 is an essential endogenous inhibitor of lymphatic vessel growth. Nat Med. 2009;15:1023–30. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2018.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Singh N, Tiem M, Watkins R, Cho YK, Wang Y, Olsen T, et al. Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 is essential for corneal alymphaticity. Blood. 2013;121:4242–9. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-08-453043.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Vasan SK, Hwang J, Rostgaard K, Nyren O, Ullum H, Pedersen OBV, et al. ABO blood group and risk of cancer: a register-based cohort study of 1.6 million blood donors. Cancer Epidemiol. 2016;44:40–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2016.06.005.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Becker J, Pavlakovic H, Ludewig F, Wilting F, Weich HA, Albuquerque R, et al. Neuroblastoma progression correlates with downregulation of the lymphangiogenesis inhibitor sVEGFR-2. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:1431–41. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-1936.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Shibata MA, Ambati J, Shibata E, Albuquerque RJ, Morimoto J, Ito Y, et al. The endogenous soluble vegf receptor-2 isoform suppresses lymph node metastasis in a mouse immunocompetent mammary cancer model. BMC Med. 2010;8:69 https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-8-69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Shiels MS, Shu XO, Chaturvedi AK, Gao YT, Xiang YB, Cai Q, et al. A prospective study of immune and inflammation markers and risk of lung cancer among female never smokers in shanghai. Carcinogenesis. 2017;38:1004–10. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgx075.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Wolpin BM, Chan AT, Hartge P, Chanock SJ, Kraft P, Hunter DJ, et al. ABO blood group and the risk of pancreatic cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101:424–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp020.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Risch HA, Lu L, Wang J, Zhang W, Ni Q, Gao YT, et al. ABO blood group and risk of pancreatic cancer: a study in shanghai and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177:1326–37. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kws458.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Poole EM, Gates MA, High BA, Chanock SJ, Cramer DW, Cunningham JM, et al. ABO blood group and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer within the ovarian cancer association consortium. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23:1805–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0059-y.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Risch HA, Yu H, Lu L, Kidd MS. ABO blood group, helicobacter pylori seropositivity, and risk of pancreatic cancer: a case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102:502–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq007.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Ackermann M, Verleden SE, Kuehnel M, Haverich A, Welte T, Laenger F, et al. Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:120–8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2015432.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. Jostock T, Mullberg J, Ozbek S, Atreya R, Blinn G, Voltz N, et al. Soluble gp130 is the natural inhibitor of soluble interleukin-6 receptor transsignaling responses. Eur J Biochem. 2001;268:160–7. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.01867.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Wolf J, Rose-John S, Garbers C. Interleukin-6 and its receptors: a highly regulated and dynamic system. Cytokine. 2014;70:11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2014.05.024.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Interleukin-6 Receptor Mendelian Randomisation Analysis Consortium, Swerdlow DI, Holmes MV, Kuchenbaecker KB, Engmann JE, Shah T, et al. The interleukin-6 receptor as a target for prevention of coronary heart disease: a mendelian randomisation analysis. Lancet. 2012;379:1214–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60110-X.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Schuett H, Oestreich R, Waetzig GH, Annema W, Luchtefeld M, Hillmer A, et al. Transsignaling of interleukin-6 crucially contributes to atherosclerosis in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32:281–90. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.229435.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Gwechenberger M, Pacher R, Berger R, Zorn G, Moser P, Stanek B, et al. Comparison of soluble glycoprotein 130 and cardiac natriuretic peptides as long-term predictors of heart failure progression. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2005;24:2190–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Garcia-Closas M, Ye Y, Rothman N, Figueroa JD, Malats N, Dinney C, et al. A genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies a new susceptibility locus within SLC14A1, a urea transporter gene on chromosome 18q12. 3. Hum Mol Gen. 2011;20:4282–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr342.

  47. Gohagan JK, Prorok PC, Hayes RB, Kramer BS, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Project T, Prostate LC. The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial of the national cancer institute: history, organization, and status. Control Clin Trials. 2000;21:251S–272S. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00097-0.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Prorok PC, Andriole GL, Bresalier RS, Buys SS, Chia D, Crawford ED, et al. Design of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Control Clin Trials. 2000;21:273S–309S. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00098-2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Purdue MP, Hofmann JN, Kemp TJ, Chaturvedi AK, Lan Q, Park JH, et al. A prospective study of 67 serum immune and inflammation markers and risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2013;122:951–7. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-01-481077.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. Shiels MS, Pfeiffer RM, Hildesheim A, Engels EA, Kemp TJ, Park JH, et al. Circulating inflammation markers and prospective risk for lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105:1871–80. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djt309.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Trabert B, Pinto L, Hartge P, Kemp T, Black A, Sherman ME, et al. Pre-diagnostic serum levels of inflammation markers and risk of ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial. Gynecol Oncol. 2014;135:297–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.08.025.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Trabert B, Eldridge RC, Pfeiffer RM, Shiels MS, Kemp TJ, Guillemette C, et al. Prediagnostic circulating inflammation markers and endometrial cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial. Int J Cancer. 2017;140:600–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30478.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Huang WY, Berndt SI, Shiels MS, Katki HA, Chaturvedi AK, Wentzensen N, et al. Circulating inflammation markers and colorectal adenoma risk. Carcinogenesis. 2019;40:765–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgz027.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  54. Shiels MS, Katki HA, Hildesheim A, Pfeiffer RM, Engels EA, Williams M, et al. Circulating inflammation markers, risk of lung cancer, and utility for risk stratification. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015;107. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djv199.

  55. Cook MB, Barnett MJ, Bock CH, Cross AJ, Goodman PJ, Goodman GE, et al. Prediagnostic circulating markers of inflammation and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a study within the national cancer institute cohort consortium. Gut. 2019;68:960–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316678.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Loh PR, Danecek P, Palamara PF, Fuchsberger C, Y AR, H KF, et al. Reference-based phasing using the haplotype reference consortium panel. Nat Genet. 2016;48:1443–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3679.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Taliun D, Harris DN, Kessler MD, Carlson J, Szpiech ZA, Torres R, et al. Sequencing of 53,831 diverse genomes from the NHLBI TOPMed Program. Nature 2021;590:290–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03205-y.

  58. Howie B, Fuchsberger C, Stephens M, Marchini J, Abecasis GR. Fast and accurate genotype imputation in genome-wide association studies through pre-phasing. Nat Genet. 2012;44:955–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2354.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Kowalski MH, Qian H, Hou Z, Rosen JD, Tapia AL, Shan Y, et al. Use of >100,000 nhlbi trans-omics for precision medicine (topmed) consortium whole genome sequences improves imputation quality and detection of rare variant associations in admixed african and hispanic/latino populations. PLoS Genet. 2019;15:e1008500. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008500.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Jin Y, Schaffer AA, Sherry ST, Feolo M. Quickly identifying identical and closely related subjects in large databases using genotype data. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0179106. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Jin Y, Schaffer AA, Feolo M, Holmes JB, Kattman BL. GRAF-pop: a fast distance-based method to infer subject ancestry from multiple genotype datasets without principal components analysis. G3. 2019;9:2447–61. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.118.200925.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  62. Price AL, Patterson NJ, Plenge RM, Weinblatt ME, Shadick NA, Reich D. Principal components analysis corrects for stratification in genome-wide association studies. Nat Genet. 2006;38:904–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1847.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Reid ME, Denomme GA. DNA-based methods in the immunohematology reference laboratory. Transfus Apher Sci. 2011;44:65–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2010.12.011.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Cakir B, Pankow JS, Salomaa V, Couper D, Morris TL, Brantley KR, et al. Distribution of lewis (FUT3)genotype and allele: Frequencies in a biethnic united states population. Ann Hematol. 2002;81:558–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-002-0508-x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Parsons SF, Mallinson G, Daniels GL, Green CA, Smythe JS, Anstee DJ. Use of domain-deletion mutants to locate lutheran blood group antigens to each of the five immunoglobulin superfamily domains of the lutheran glycoprotein: elucidation of the molecular basis of the Lu(a)/Lu(b) and the Au(a)/Au(b) polymorphisms. Blood. 1997;89:4219–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Kelly RJ, Rouquier S, Giorgi D, Lennon GG, Lowe JB. Sequence and expression of a candidate for the human secretor blood group alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase gene (fut2). Homozygosity for an enzyme-inactivating nonsense mutation commonly correlates with the non-secretor phenotype. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:4640–9. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.9.4640.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Korn EL, Graubard BI. Analysis of health surveys. 1st ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1999.

  68. Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivar Behav Res. 2011;46:399–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2011.568786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Kitahara CM, Trabert B, Katki HA, Chaturvedi AK, Kemp TJ, Pinto LA, et al. Body mass index, physical activity, and serum markers of inflammation, immunity, and insulin resistance. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2014;23:2840–9. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0699-T.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Lumley T. Analysis of complex survey samples. J Stat Softw. 2004;9:1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Persson T, Rootzen H. Simple and highly efficient estimators for a type i censored normal sample. Biometrika. 1977;64:123–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/64.1.123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Michael Furr, Information Management Systems (Rockville MD) and Lei Song, National Cancer Institute (Bethesda MD), who helped with data handling, and Minkyo Song, National Cancer Institute (Bethesda MD), who advised on the analysis.

Funding

This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Sarah C. Van Alsten

  2. Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    John G. Aversa

  3. Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Loredana Santo

  4. Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    M. Constanza Camargo & Wen-Yi Huang

  5. HPV Immunology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD, USA

    Troy Kemp

  6. Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, DCEG, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Jia Liu

  7. Biostatistics Branch, DCEG, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Joshua Sampson

  8. Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, DCEG, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Charles S. Rabkin

Authors
  1. Sarah C. Van Alsten
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. John G. Aversa
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Loredana Santo
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Constanza Camargo
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Troy Kemp
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jia Liu
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Wen-Yi Huang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Joshua Sampson
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Charles S. Rabkin
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles S. Rabkin.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Van Alsten, S.C., Aversa, J.G., Santo, L. et al. Association between ABO and Duffy blood types and circulating chemokines and cytokines. Genes Immun 22, 161–171 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00137-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Version of record:

  • Issue date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00137-5

This article is cited by

Search

Advanced search

Quick links