Fig. 5: Disrupted RANKL and TWEAK signaling pathways in cell-type specific immune cells in ASD.

A Schematic diagrams illustrating key molecules and the link between them in RANKL and TWEAK signaling pathways. B Violin plots showing potential immune source for upregulated TNFSF12 in the plasma in ASD. C–D Violin plots demonstrating dysregulated expression of key molecules in RANKL and TWEAK pathways in specific immune cell-types in ASD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.