Table 1 Attributes and levels used in the discrete choice experiment to describe alternative diagnostic testing approaches

From: The value of diagnostic testing for parents of children with rare genetic diseases

Attribute

Levels

Type of diagnostic test(s) your child would undergo

Exome sequencing

Other genetic testing methods (one or small number of genes tested at a time)

Operative procedures (biopsies, surgeries)a

Series of other tests and procedures (any combination of laboratory tests and/or imaging procedures such as X-ray, MRI, or CT scan)

Chance of a diagnosis from the test

1 out of 10

4 out of 10

6 out of 10

9 out of 10

Negative impact of receiving a diagnosis from the test

Lifestyle restrictions

Subject to discrimination and/or being labeled by others

Receive a poor prognosis

No negative impacta

Positive impact of receiving a diagnosis from the test

Changes medical management of the disease

Facilitates access to disease-specific services, programming, and support groups

Provides knowledge about the cause of the disease, how it will progress, what the future might hold, and identifies other family that might be at risk for the disease

No positive impacta

Out of pocket cost of diagnostic testing (CAN$)

0

1000

5000

10,000

20,000

Time to obtain an answer (diagnosis or not)

6 months

3 years

5 years

10 years

20 years

  1. CT computed tomography,MRI magnetic resonance imaging.
  2. aReference level.