Table 1 Patient characteristics.

From: Exome sequencing compared with standard genetic tests for critically ill infants with suspected genetic conditions

 

All patients

ES cohort

No-ES cohort

p valuea

 

(n = 736)

(n = 368)

(n = 368)

 

Sex

   

0.297

Male

420 (57.1%)

217 (59.0%)

203 (55.2%)

 

Female

316 (42.9%)

151 (41.0%)

165 (44.8%)

 

Ethnicity

   

0.581

Hispanic

336 (45.7%)

174 (47.3%)

162 (44.0%)

 

Non-Hispanic

390 (53.0%)

190 (51.6%)

200 (54.3%)

 

Unknown

10 (1.4%)

4 (1.1%)

6 (1.6%)

 

Race

   

0.396

White/Caucasian

566 (76.9%)

289 (78.5%)

277 (75.3%)

 

Black/African American

116 (15.8%)

58 (15.8%)

58 (15.8%)

 

Asian

39 (5.3%)

17 (4.6%)

22 (6.0%)

 

American Indian and Alaska Native

2 (0.3%)

1 (0.3%)

1 (0.3%)

 

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander

2 (0.3%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (0.5%)

 

Unknown

11 (1.5%)

3 (0.8%)

8 (2.2%)

 

Preferred language

   

0.219

English

606 (82.3%)

294 (79.9%)

312 (84.8%)

 

Spanish

121 (16.4%)

69 (18.8%)

52 (14.1%)

 

Other

9 (1.2%)

5 (1.4%)

4 (1.1%)

 

Gestational age at birth, median (Q1, Q3), weeksd

37.6 (35.1, 39.0)

38.0 (35.7, 39.0)

37.3 (34.9, 39.0)

0.071b

Mother’s age at birth, mean (SD), yearse

28.66 (6.30)

28.39 (6.33)

28.93 (6.27)

0.251

Father’s age at birth, mean (SD), yearsf

31.31 (7.67)

31.03 (7.79)

31.59 (7.55)

0.357

Unit

   

0.261

NICU

467 (63.5%)

222 (60.3%)

245 (66.6%)

 

CVICU

132 (17.9%)

70 (19.0%)

62 (16.8%)

 

PICU

23 (3.1%)

15 (4.1%)

8 (2.2%)

 

PCU

42 (5.7%)

25 (6.8%)

17 (4.6%)

 

Other unit

72 (9.8%)

36 (9.8%)

36 (9.8%)

 

Age at admission, median (Q1, Q3), days

2.0 (0.0, 40.0)

2.0 (0.0, 44.0)

1.0 (0.0, 36.0)

0.450b

Age at initial genetics consult, median (Q1, Q3), days

13.0 (2.0, 56.5)

13.0 (2.0, 57.5)

10.5 (2.0, 54.5)

0.516b

Age at initial genetics consult (quartile of year)

   

0.925

First

599 (81.4%)

297 (80.7%)

302 (82.1%)

 

Second

92 (12.5%)

49 (13.3%)

43 (11.7%)

 

Third

25 (3.4%)

12 (3.3%)

13 (3.5%)

 

Fourth

20 (2.7%)

10 (2.7%)

10 (2.7%)

 

Genetics consult date (quartile of study period)

   

0.101

First

184 (25.0%)

92 (25.0%)

92 (25.0%)

 

Second

184 (25.0%)

79 (21.5%)

105 (28.5%)

 

Third

185 (25.1%)

95 (25.8%)

90 (24.5%)

 

Fourth

183 (24.9%)

102 (27.7%)

81 (22.0%)

 

ES form

    

Proband

 

227 (61.7%)

  

Trio

 

54 (14.7%)

  

Critical trio

 

87 (23.6%)

  

Point of origin, index admission

   

0.928

Transfer center

327 (44.4%)

160 (43.5%)

167 (45.4%)

 

Newborn at TCH

264 (35.9%)

136 (37.0%)

128 (34.8%)

 

Self-referral/non–health-care facility

82 (11.1%)

40 (10.9%)

42 (11.4%)

 

Clinic or physician referral

63 (8.6%)

32 (8.7%)

31 (8.4%)

 

Payer

   

0.058c

Commercial

314 (42.7%)

142 (38.6%)

172 (46.7%)

 

Public

418 (56.8%)

224 (60.9%)

194 (52.7%)

 

None

4 (0.5%)

2 (0.5%)

2 (0.5%)

 

Length of stay, index admission, days

    

Mean (SD)

58.72 (83.03)

66.86 (80.56)

50.57 (84.75)

0.008

Median (Q1, Q3)

32.0 (13.0, 67.5)

39.0 (17.0, 83.5)

27.5 (10.0, 56.0)

<0.001b

Discharge place

   

0.490

Home/self-care

581 (78.9%)

287 (78.0%)

294 (79.9%)

 

Expired

111 (15.1%)

60 (16.3%)

51 (13.9%)

 

Other facility

27 (3.7%)

15 (4.1%)

12 (3.3%)

 

Home health-care service

6 (0.8%)

3 (0.8%)

3 (0.8%)

 

Hospice

11 (1.5%)

3 (0.8%)

8 (2.2%)

 
  1. CVICU cardiovascular intensive care unit, ES exome sequencing, NICU neonatal intensive care unit, PCU progressive care unit, PICU pediatric intensive care unit, TCH Texas Children's Hospital.
  2. aAll p values from chi-square tests unless otherwise noted. bWilcoxon rank-sum test. cFisher’s exact test. d15 were missing. e14 were missing. f108 were missing.
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