Table 1 Creatine transport deficiency subject electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic summary findings.

From: X-linked creatine transporter deficiency results in prolonged QTc and increased sudden death risk in humans and disease model

 

QTc < 470 milliseconds

QTc ≥ 470 milliseconds

P value

Number of subjects

11

7

NS

Age (years)

8.0 ± 4.4

6.5 ± 2.8

NS

Weight (kg)

22.6 ± 9.9

17.3 ± 7.7

NS

BSA

0.85 ± .27

0.72 ± .21

NS

Electrocardiogram findings

 Heart rate (bpm)

97.5 ± 23.3

95.9 ± 12.5

NS

 Rhythm

All NSR

All NSR

NS

 P axis (degrees)

42.3 ± 19.1

38.3 ± 25.0

NS

 QRS axis (degrees)

76.0 ± 19.9

56.0 ± 37.4

NS

 T axis (degrees)

38.6 ± 21.0

16.4 ± 15.7

P = 0.047

 PR interval (milliseconds)

121.7 ± 17.2

129.1 ± 14.4

NS

 QRS interval (milliseconds)

79.6 ± 6.3

79.7 ± 9.4

NS

 QT interval (milliseconds)

357.8 ± 38.3

405.3 ± 43.4

P = 0.047

 QTc interval (milliseconds)

448.3 ± 15.9

510.3 ± 29.0

P < 0.0001

 T-wave abnormality

3/11

6/7

P = 0.049

Echocardiographic findings

 EF (%)

64.2 ± 2.1

65.7 ± 3.5

NS

 FS (%)

37.8 ± 2.4

39.7 ± 5.0

NS

 LVIDd (mm)

33.9 ± 5.2

34.7 ± 4.1

NS

 LVIDd z-score

−0.93 ± 1.0

0.22 ± 0.74

P = 0.0059

 LViDs (mm)

20.0 ± 6.7

21.1 ± 3.2

NS

 LViDs z-score

−0.86 ± .75

−0.32 ± 1.27

NS

 IVS (mm)

5.6 ± 0.9

5.1 ± 0.7

NS

 IVS z-score

−1.2 ± 0.5

−1.3 ± 0.6

NS

 LVPWDd (mm)

5.7 ± 0.8

5.0 ± 0.6

P = 0.0183

 LVPWDd z-score

−0.85 ± .49

−1.30 ± .35

NS(.11)

 LV mass (g)

47.0 ± 17.5

42.8 ± 14.9

NS

 LV mass z-score

−1.5 ± 0.9

−0.95 ± .76

NS(.065)

 LV mass indexed

54.2 ± 10.1

57.6 ± 9.5

NS

 LV mass index z-score

−1.7 ± 0.9

−1.2 ± 0.7

P = 0.0417

 Pro-BNP (pg/mL) (# of subjects with samples)

147 ± 98.0(5)

270 ± 102(3)

NS

  1. All statistics were performed using nonparametric t-test (Mann–Whitney).
  2. AV atrioventricular, BSA body surface area, EF ejection fraction, FS fractional shortening, ECG electrocardiogram, HR heart rate, LVIDd left ventricular dimension in diastole (2-dimensional), LVIDd z-score LVIDd normalized to individual subject’s BSA, LVIDs left ventricular dimension in systole (2-dimensional), LVIDs z-score LVIDs normalized to individual subject’s BSA, LVPWDd left ventricular posterior wall dimension (thickness) in diastole, LVPWDd z-score LVPWDd normalized to individual subject’s BSA, LV left ventricular, NS not significant, NSR normal sinus rhythm, pro-BNP pro-brain natriuretic peptide, QTc corrected QT interval (using Bazett’s formula where QTc = QT/√RR).
  3. Statistically significant P values are in bold.