Table 2 Steps in one simulation year after the QMSim simulation

From: Genomic selection strategies for breeding adaptation and production in dairy cattle under climate change

Step

Operation

1)

Search genotypes of breeding animals from all animals

2)

Make random mating pairs to the breeding animals in (1)

3)

Generate random recombination positions for the mating pairs in (2)

4)

Offspring genotypes by mating pairs in (2) using recombination positions in (3)

5)

Calculate true breeding values to the new genotypes in (4)

6)

Generate phenotypes to the maturing cows

7)

Generate pseudo phenotypes to the maturing bulls

8)

Extract all phenotype data for genetic evaluation by SNP-BLUP

9)

Extract genotypes for animals in (8)

10)

Calculate estimated breeding values by SNP-BLUP using data from (8) and (9)

11)

Calculate index (A1P1, A2P1 or A1P2) using estimated breeding values

12)

Select new breeding animals from the current breeding and the mature animals

  1. Each step was a program in a script. In steps 1–5, current breeding animals are mated to produce calves. In steps 6–12, previous year calves mature and are included in genetic evaluation. These mature animals and current breeding animals are selection candidates for a new set of breeding animals.