Table 1 Pearson’s correlation coefficients among the four microenvironmental variables and the non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) axes for 400 5 × 5 m quadrats.

From: Assessments of fine-scale spatial patterns of SNPs in an old-growth beech forest

NMDS axis

Sasa cover

Fern cover

Proportion of rock and/or gravel

TWIa

NMDS1 (Microtopographic effect)

0.448***

−0.234***

0.171**

−0.940***

NMDS2 (Effect of soil maturity)

−0.241***

0.719***

0.811***

−0.010n.s.

NMDS3 (Effect of biological competition)

−0.729***

−0.207***

0.139n.s.

−0.176**

  1. Interpretation of each NMDS against the factors potentially affecting soil moisture is in parentheses.
  2. Bonferroni correction was used to determine significance in multiple testing.
  3. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; n.s.P ≥ 0.05.
  4. aTopographic wetness index.
Back to article page