Fig. 3: The discovered locus is highly confounded with population structure.

a Flowering time variation (10 °C) among different sub-populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. These populations are divided by admixture analysis (The 1001 Genomes Consortium 2016); b Frequency of the top associated SNP at chromosome 1, 3,906,923 bp in different sub-populations. The association between the structure of the phenotype and that of the allele frequency shows the population confounding at this locus.