Table 2 Parameter estimates of linear mixed models (µ and b coefficients of Eq. 5) used to explain annual height and diameter increments of saplings aged 2, 3, or 4 years old.

From: Inbreeding depression affects the growth of seedlings of an African timber species with a mixed mating reproductive system, Pericopsis elata (Harms) Meeuwen

 

Height increment

 

Diameter increment

 

Fixed effects:

Estimate

Std. Error

p value

Estimate

Std. Error

p value

Intercept µ

149.90

13.52

**

16.68

1.91

**

Competition C1/2

26.21

82.84

0.752

−176.45

10.08

***

 C

−1338.00

87.85

***

−121.00

10.44

***

Age = 3 years A3

−65.13

3.13

***

−6.85

0.30

***

Age = 4 years A4

−83.11

3.13

***

−8.74

0.31

***

Inbreeding Ioutcrossed

18.86

3.71

***

1.91

0.44

***

Initial size S

−0.06

0.04

0.193

0.16

0.07

*

C1/2 * Ioutcrossed

−246.40

90.79

**

-45.83

12.67

***

C * Ioutcrossed

−76.30

88.56

0.389

3.17

11.54

0.783

C1/2 * A3

−873.40

94.53

***

7.52

9.40

0.424

C * A3

1270.00

98.74

***

133.36

9.61

***

C1/2 * A4

−938.60

95.47

***

−33.04

9.74

***

C * A4

1397.00

93.39

***

167.74

9.19

***

A3 * Ioutcrossed

−3.98

4.82

0.409

0.77

0.47

0.102

A4 * Ioutcrossed

−10.97

4.82

*

−0.37

0.47

0.434

Random effects:

S.D.

CV

 

S.D.

CV

 

Sapling

14.31

14.10

 

2.90

20.79

 

Family

8.38

8.26

 

1.11

7.91

 

Replicate

21.94

21.62

 

3.09

22.13

 

Residual error

35.59

35.09

 

3.46

24.73

 
  1. C is the Hegyi (1974) competition index; A3 and A4 age effects at 3 and 4 years, respectively, relative to 2 years old saplings (i.e. the model assumes b(A2) = 0); Ioutcrossed the inbreeding effect for outcrossed saplings relative to selfed saplings (b(Iselfed) = 0); S the initial size (height or diameter) at transplantation; S.D. standard deviation; Std. Error standard error; CV the coefficient of variation. Significant relationships are shown (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001).
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