Table 1 General characteristics of the series of patients included and the comparison between those patients who remained with resistant hypertension over the course of the follow-up and those who went on to present refractory hypertension
Variable | No change in refractory hypertension (n = 142) | Change n refractory hypertension (n = 30) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 58.2 (9.2) | 59.1 (10.8) | 0.48 |
Gender (% male) | 65% | 64% | 0.85 |
Initial BMI, Kg/m2 | 34.1 (5.1) | 32.8 (4.5) | 0.21 |
Previous CVE, % | 21.8% | 16.7% | 0.66 |
Previous stroke | 8.5% | 13.3% | 0.06 |
Previous IHD | 13.4% | 10% | 0.33 |
Previous AF | 7% | 3.3% | 0.43 |
Dyslipidemia, % | 43% | 73.3% | 0.005 |
DM, % | 35.2% | 46.7% | 0.27 |
Pre-DM (HbA1c: 5.7–6.4) | 14.8% | 13.3% | 0.86 |
Alcohol intake, gr/day | 6.3 (15.9) | 6.4 (12.6) | 0.95 |
Tobacco use, pack.year | 13.4 (23.9) | 13.2 (25.7) | 0.96 |
Initial 24 h-SBP, mmHg | 143.8 (12.9) | 148.4 (13.9) | 0.09 |
Diurnal SBP | 146 (12.9) | 152.8 (11.4) | 0.07 |
Nocturnal SBP | 140.9 (16.9) | 144.3 (12.7) | 0.12 |
Initial 24 h-DBP, mmHg | 82.9 (9.8) | 82.8 (14.1) | 0.93 |
Diurnal DBP | 85.2 (10.4) | 84.8 (14.6) | 0.87 |
Nocturnal DBP | 78.6 (11.3) | 78.4 (14.2) | 0.95 |
Mean BP 24 h-variability (SD) | 10.6 (3.2) | 12.9 (2.9) | 0.07 |
Mean O2 Saturation, % | 92.3 (3.8) | 92.6 (2.6) | 0.73 |
Tsat < 90%, % | 13.9 (17.8) | 13.3 (16.7) | 0.87 |
AHI, events/hour | 35.7 (21.1) | 33.7 (21.1) | 0.60 |
Epworth | 8.8 (3.7) | 8.6 (4.2) | 0.80 |
Years since diagnosis of resistant hypertension | 11.4 (7.9) | 17.8 (9.4) | 0.0001 |
HbA1c, % | 6.1 (0.95) | 7 (1.8) | 0.0001 |
CPAP > 4 hours/day | 87.3% | 56.7% | 0.007 |
Hours of CPAP use | 5.2 (2.2) | 4.1 (2.8) | 0.01 |
