Table 3 Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for the incidence of hypertension, according to the presence or absence of hyperuricemia, before and after adjustment for alcohol drinking status

From: Hyperuricemia predicts the risk for developing hypertension independent of alcohol drinking status in men and women: the Saku study

 

n

Casea

Incident rateb

Hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals)c

Model 1

Model 2

Men

  Normouricemia

3461

849

62.1

Ref

Ref

  Hyperuricemia

786

278

97.6

1.39 (1.21–1.60)

1.37 (1.19–1.58)

  Nondrinker

1162

242

51.7

–

Ref

  Drinker

3085

885

74.8

–

1.27 (1.10–1.47)

Women

  Normouricemia

3414

513

36.4

Ref

Ref

  Hyperuricemia

187

55

76.6

1.53 (1.14–2.06)

1.54 (1.14–2.06)

  Nondrinker

2549

382

36.2

–

Ref

  Drinker

1052

186

43.6

–

1.25 (1.04–1.49)

  1. Ref reference.
  2. aCases represent the number of participants who developed hypertension (first diagnosis of systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, and/or receiving antihypertensive treatment)
  3. bIncidence rates are presented per 1000 person years
  4. cAdjusted for age (per 10 years), estimated glomerular filtration rate (≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or <60 ml/min/1.73 m2), diabetes, dyslipidemia, BMI (<25 kg/m2 or ≥ 25kg/m2), smoking status (never, current, quit), physical activity (0, 1–59, ≥60 min/week), family history of hypertension, and systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg) at baseline
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