Table 2 Characteristics of 31,592 patients newly initiating antihypertensive drugs according to PDC adherence category
From: Adherence to antihypertensive medication and its predictors among non-elderly adults in Japan
Characteristics | PDC category | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
<40% | 40–79% | ≥80% | ||
(Low adherence) | (Intermediate adherence) | (High adherence) | ||
All, N (%) | 7651 (24.2) | 5240 (16.6) | 18,701 (59.2) | |
Sex, N (%) | ||||
Female | 3802 (29.2) | 1833 (14.1) | 7368 (56.7) | <0.01 |
Male | 3849 (20.7) | 3407 (18.3) | 11,333 (61.0) | |
Age years, mean (SD) | 49.5 (9.1) | 50.6 (8.4) | 52.9 (8.3) | <0.01 |
Age group, N (%) | ||||
30–49 | 3871 (30.5) | 2400 (18.9) | 6406 (50.5) | <0.01 |
50–59 | 2691 (20.8) | 2057 (15.9) | 8195 (63.3) | |
60–74 | 1089 (18.2) | 783 (13.1) | 4100 (68.7) | |
First prescription, N (%) | ||||
Monotherapy | ||||
ACEI | 167 (25.3) | 101 (15.3) | 393 (59.5) | <0.01 |
ARB | 2760 (20.8) | 2248 (16.9) | 8281 (62.3) | |
BB | 1344 (60.8) | 299 (13.5) | 568 (25.7) | |
CCB | 3073 (22.3) | 2321 (16.8) | 8414 (60.9) | |
Thiazides | 89 (52.7) | 23 (13.6) | 57 (33.7) | |
Combination therapy | 218 (15.0) | 248 (17.1) | 988 (68.0) | |
Comorbid condition absence, N (%) | 4682 (26.8) | 2834 (16.2) | 9930 (56.9) | <0.01 |
Baseline comorbidities, N (%) | ||||
Cancer | 120 (23.6) | 73 (14.4) | 315 (62.0) | 0.32 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 34 (19.7) | 24 (13.9) | 115 (66.5) | 0.15 |
Chronic renal failure | 50 (21.6) | 39 (16.9) | 142 (61.5) | 0.65 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 898 (26.0) | 587 (17.0) | 1967 (57.0) | 0.01 |
Hyperuricemia/gout | 823 (19.4) | 789 (18.6) | 2638 (62.1) | <0.01 |
Liver disease | 379 (25.4) | 251 (16.8) | 864 (57.8) | 0.50 |
Obesity | 67 (20.7) | 63 (19.4) | 194 (59.9) | 0.19 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 75 (30.6) | 38 (15.5) | 132 (53.9) | 0.06 |
Baseline medications, N (%) | ||||
Antidiabetics | 306 (11.9) | 390 (15.2) | 1875 (72.9) | <0.01 |
Anxiolytics/hypnotic sedatives | 1387 (30.6) | 694 (15.3) | 2451 (54.1) | <0.01 |
H2 blockers | 713 (27.5) | 407 (15.7) | 1477 (56.9) | <0.01 |
Lipid-modifying agents | 981 (17.2) | 938 (16.5) | 3768 (66.3) | <0.01 |
NSAID | 3243 (27.1) | 2010 (16.8) | 6696 (56.0) | <0.01 |
SSRI/SNRI | 322 (31.3) | 176 (17.1) | 530 (51.6) | <0.01 |
Hospitalizations (baseline period), N (%) | 461 (26.8) | 252 (14.7) | 1004 (58.5) | 0.01 |
Number of times drugs were dispensed, N (%) | <0.01 | |||
0 | 1810 (23.8) | 1270 (16.7) | 4530 (59.5) | |
1–6 | 3873 (26.1) | 2634 (17.7) | 8349 (56.2) | |
≥7 | 1968 (21.6) | 1336 (14.6) | 5822 (63.8) | |
Number of concurrently prescribed drugs on the index date, N (%) | <0.01 | |||
0 | 3890 (23.2) | 2819 (16.8) | 10,089 (60.1) | |
1–2 | 2569 (25.6) | 1682 (16.7) | 5793 (57.7) | |
≥3 | 1192 (25.1) | 739 (15.6) | 2819 (59.3) | |
Types of medical institutions/number of beds, N (%) | <0.01 | |||
Clinic | ||||
0–19 | 6110 (24.3) | 4307 (17.1) | 14,754 (58.6) | |
Hospital | ||||
20–199 | 718 (24.9) | 428 (14.8) | 1739 (60.3) | |
≥200 | 823 (23.3) | 505 (14.3) | 2208 (62.4) | |
