Table 2 Characteristics of participants by thirds of VIMmap distribution

From: Normal-tension glaucomatous optic neuropathy is related to blood pressure variability in the Maracaibo Aging Study

Characteristic

<8.92

≥8.92 to <10.35

≥10.35

P value

Age, years

60.5 ± 11.7

58.1 ± 13.9

67.0 ± 12.9

0.02

Sex, women

27 (87.1%)

27 (87.1%)

27 (27.1%)

0.99

Educational attainment (IQR), yd

7.9 (3.0–11.0)

8.9 (4.0–14.0)

6 (3.0–9.0)

0.07

Current smokinga

1 (3.2%)

2 (6.7%)

3 (10.0%)

0.59

Drinking alcohola

2 (6.4%)

3 (9.7%)

4 (12.9%)

0.69

Body mass index, kg/m2

27.9 ± 4.8

28.2 ± 5.1

28.5 ± 5.8

0.88

Refractive error

13 (41.9%)

11 (35.5%)

13 (41.9%)

0.84

Intraocular pressure, mmHg

13.0 ± 2.6

12.0 ± 2.7

12.8 ± 3.1

0.30

Diabetes mellitusc

4 (12.9%)

4 (12.9%)

6 (19.4%)

0.92

History of cardiovascular disease

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.23%)

0 (0.0%)

0.36

Office hypertensionb

25 (80.7%)

23 (74.2%)

30 (96.8%)

0.045

On antihypertensive treatment

14 (45.2%)

14 (45.2%)

17 (54.8%)

0.68

Office systolic BP, mmHg

136.8 ± 18.4

136.9 ± 22.6

149.3 ± 25.3

0.045

Office diastolic BP, mmHg

75.3 ± 8.7

75.9 ± 9.3

76.8 ± 6.9

0.76

24-h systolic BP, mmHg

121.4 ± 13.9

122.6 ± 13.9

122.4 ± 18.5

0.94

24-h diastolic BP, mmHg

70.3 ± 8.8

71.6 ± 8.4

69.3 ± 9.2

0.59

24-h mean arterial pressure, mmHg

87.3 ± 9.0

88.6 ± 9.5

87.0 ± 11.6

0.81

Serum total cholesterol, mg/dLe

213 ± 50.6

194.1 ± 44.5

194.7 ± 46.7

0.20

Serum HDL cholesterol, mg/dLe

42.7 ± 8.8

42.4 ± 12.1

48.8 ± 11.5

0.038

Serum creatinine, mg/dLe

0.89 ± 0.23

0.93 ± 0.29

0.89 ± 0.26

0.34

Blood glucose, mg/dLe

107.7 ± 29.0

103.2 ± 20.8

107.9 ± 32.2

0.75

HbA1c, %

5.63 ± 0.34

6.00 ± 1.14

5.76 ± 0.55

0.32

GON, n (%)

4 (12.9%)

8 (25.8%)

14 (45.2%)

0.02

GON without VF defect, n (%)

4 (12.9%)

4 (14.8%)

11 (39.3%)

0.03

GON with VF defect, n (%)

1 (3.7%)

5 (17.9%)

8 (32.0%)

0.02

  1. BP blood pressure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IQR interquartile range, GON glaucomatous optic neuropathy, VF visual field
  2. aUse of smoking materials or alcohol on a daily basis
  3. bAn office blood pressure of ≥130 mmHg systolic or ≥80 mmHg diastolic or use of antihypertensive drugs
  4. cUse of antidiabetic drugs or fasting blood glucose of ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)
  5. dYears of education was given with interquartile range as measure of spread and compared between groups by the Mann–Whitney test
  6. eTo convert cholesterol to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259; to convert creatinine to μmol/L, multiply by 88.7; to convert glucose to mmol/L, multiply by 0.056
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