Table 1 Summary of mediation analysis (single mediator)

From: The renoprotective effect of esaxerenone independent of blood pressure lowering: a post hoc mediation analysis of the ESAX-DN trial

Mediator variable

Summary measure

Effect

Point estimatea (95% CIb)

PM (95% CIb)

SBP

Cumulative meanc

TE

0.385 (0.329, 0.440)

9.8 (2.0, 20.1)%

NDE

0.422 (0.351, 0.497)

NIE

0.911 (0.831, 0.987)

Achieved valuec

TE

0.385 (0.335, 0.445)

10.7 (4.6, 19.2)%

NDE

0.426 (0.370, 0.504)

NIE

0.903 (0.834, 0.957)

eGFR

Cumulative meanc

TE

0.385 (0.336, 0.450)

24.3 (16.3, 34.8)%

NDE

0.485 (0.417, 0.569)

NIE

0.793 (0.721, 0.864)

Achieved valuec

TE

0.385 (0.333, 0.439)

16.4 (10.6, 25.3)%

NDE

0.450 (0.386, 0.518)

NIE

0.855 (0.790, 0.908)

  1. TE total effect, NDE natural direct effect, NIE natural indirect effect, PM proportion of the mediated effect, CI confidence interval, SBP systolic blood pressure, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
  2. aTE, NDE, and NIE were calculated based on log-transformed UACR values, and then back-transformed, and therefore, the point estimates of the effect are expressed as the geometric mean ratio to baseline
  3. bThe CIs are based on the bootstrap method with 1000 replications
  4. cCumulative average is the average value up to the end of treatment and achieved value is the observed value just before the end of treatment. The former assumes a cumulative effect and the later assumes an acute effect of mediator variables on the outcome
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