Fig. 1

Comparison among women by birthweight, parity, HDP history, and HDP in the most recent pregnancy. Study participants were divided into 12 groups; (1) Low birthweight (−), nulliparous women latest HDP (−) (reference), (2) Low birthweight (+), nulliparous women latest HDP (−), (3) Low birthweight (−), nulliparous women latest HDP (+), (4) Low birthweight (+), nulliparous women latest HDP (+), (5) Low birthweight (−), multiparous women without HDP history, latest HDP (−), (6) Low birthweight (+), multiparous women without HDP history, latest HDP (−), (7) Low birthweight (−), multiparous women without HDP history, latest HDP (+), (8) Low birthweight (+), multiparous women without HDP history, latest HDP (+), (9) Low birthweight (−), multiparous women with HDP history, latest HDP (−), (10) Low birthweight (+), multiparous women with HDP history, latest HDP (−), (11) Low birthweight (−), multiparous women with HDP history, latest HDP (+), (12) Low birthweight (+), multiparous women with HDP history, latest HDP (+). Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, smoking and drinking status at the follow-up assessment, paternal hypertension history, maternal history of hypertension or HDP, systolic and diastolic BPs in the first trimester, and pulse rate was performed