Table 1 Comparison of individuals with and without visiting to a physician within 3 months after the first check-up and antihypertensive treatment at 1 year after the first check-up

From: Blood pressure control and treatment status at 1 year after the first health check-up in individuals with observed referral-level blood pressure

Variables

Total (n = 63,785)

Visit to a physician within 3 months after the first check-up and with antihypertensive treatment (n = 11,266)

Visit to a physician within 3 months after the first check-up but without antihypertensive treatment (n = 23,523)

Not visit to a physician within 3 months after the first check-up but with antihypertensive treatment (n = 3791)

No visit to a physician within 3 months after the first check-up and without antihypertensive treatment (n = 25,205)

P-value

Age (years)

50 (44–56)

51 (45–56)

50 (44–56)

50 (45–55)

49 (43–55)

<0.001

Sex, men, n (%)

48,004 (75.3)

8,171 (72.5)

16,577 (70.5)

3,074 (81.1)

20,182 (80.1)

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

25.1 (22.6–28.3)

25.2 (22.8–28.3)

25.0 (22.4–28.1)

25.6 (23.2–28.7)

25.2 (22.6–28.4)

<0.001

Obesity, n (%)

33,008 (51.7)

5985 (53.1)

11,766 (50.0)

2,137 (56.4)

13,120 (52.1)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

160 (149–167)

162 (153–172)

158 (148–165)

162 (153–170)

160 (149–167)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

103 (100–108)

104 (100–110)

102 (100–106)

104 (100–110)

103 (100–107)

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

5770 (9.0)

1111 (9.9)

2,361 (10.0)

349 (9.2)

1,949 (7.7)

<0.001

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

38,654 (60.6)

6855 (60.8)

14,313 (60.8)

2365 (62.4)

15,121 (60.0)

0.020

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

19,917 (31.2)

3305 (29.3)

5982 (25.4)

1417 (37.4)

9213 (36.6)

<0.001

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

23,491 (36.8)

4172 (37.0)

8092 (34.4)

1477 (39.0)

9750 (38.7)

<0.001

Physical inactivity, n (%)

35,523 (55.7)

6446 (57.2)

12,900 (54.8)

2270 (59.9)

13,907 (55.2)

<0.001

Poor sleep quality, n (%)

24,537 (38.5)

4584 (40.7)

9110 (38.7)

1507 (39.8)

9336 (37.0)

<0.001

Skipping breakfast ≥3 times per week, n (%)

17,687 (27.7)

2623 (23.3)

5519 (23.5)

1120 (29.5)

8425 (33.4)

<0.001

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)

98 (91–107)

98 (91–107)

98 (91–107)

98 (91–107)

98 (91–107)

0.073

Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mg/dL)

132 (110–154)

131 (110–154)

131 (109–153)

134 (112–156)

133 (110–156)

<0.001

High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(mg/dL)

58 (48–70)

58 (48–70)

59 (49–71)

56 (47–68)

57 (48–70)

<0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

115 (78–173)

117 (80–174)

112 (76–169)

121 (81–179)

116 (79–175)

<0.001

Antihypertensive prescriptions within 3 months after undergoing a health checkup, n (%)

10,596 (16.6)

7992 (70.9)

1762 (7.5)

678 (17.9)

164 (0.7)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure at 1 year after the first check-up (mmHg)

148 (137–161)

136 (126–147)

150 (140–162)

137 (128–149)

154 (142–166)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure at 1 year after the first check-up (mmHg)

96 (88–104)

87 (80–94)

97 (90–104)

88 (82–96)

99 (92–107)

<0.001

  1. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). P values were calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables. We obtained the medication prescriptions for hypertension (WHO-ATC codes starting with C02, C03, C04, C07, C08, or C09), dyslipidemia (WHO-ATC codes starting with C10), and hyperglycemia (WHO-ATC codes starting with A10), from the claims data after the health checkup. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or use of glucose-lowering medications. Dyslipidemia was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <40 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, or use of lipid-lowering medications
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