Table 1 Patient characteristics (full analysis set)
Characteristic | Overall N = 279 | SGLT2i n = 145 | Non-SGLT2i n = 134 |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex, male | 166 (59.5) | 100 (69.0) | 66 (49.3) |
Age, years | 67.9 ± 10.2 | 66.5 ± 9.9 | 69.4 ± 10.4 |
≥65 | 193 (69.2) | 90 (62.1) | 103 (76.9) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.4 ± 4.1 n = 278 | 27.4 ± 4.2 n = 144 | 25.3 ± 3.8 n = 134 |
≥25 | 168 (60.2) | 100 (69.0) | 68 (50.7) |
Initial esaxerenone dose, mg/day | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.6 |
1.25 | 180 (64.5) | 85 (58.6) | 95 (70.9) |
2.5 | 99 (35.5) | 60 (41.4) | 39 (29.1) |
Final esaxerenone dose, mg/day | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.8 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.3 |
1.25 | 96 (34.4) | 38 (26.2) | 58 (43.3) |
2.5 | 123 (44.1) | 71 (49.0) | 52 (38.8) |
5 | 60 (21.5) | 36 (24.8) | 24 (17.9) |
Dose escalation from the first dose of esaxerenone to 12 weeks | 121 (43.4) | 66 (45.5) | 55 (41.0) |
Current smoker | 45 (16.1) | 29 (20.0) | 16 (11.9) |
Alcohol use | 103 (36.9) | 62 (42.8) | 41 (30.6) |
Complications | 277 (99.3) | 144 (99.3) | 133 (99.3) |
Dyslipidemia | 223 (79.9) | 116 (80.0) | 107 (79.9) |
Hyperuricemia | 78 (28.0) | 39 (26.9) | 39 (29.1) |
Heart failure | 31 (11.1) | 20 (13.8) | 11 (8.2) |
Disease duration of hypertension, years | 10.7 ± 8.3 n = 195 | 10.6 ± 8.1 n = 105 | 10.8 ± 8.6 n = 90 |
Basal antihypertensive agents | |||
RAS inhibitor | 113 (40.5) | 50 (34.5) | 63 (47.0) |
CCB | 49 (17.6) | 27 (18.6) | 22 (16.4) |
Both RAS inhibitor/CCB | 117 (41.9) | 68 (46.9) | 49 (36.6) |
Diabetes drug class | |||
SGLT2i | 145 (52.0) | 145 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Biguanide | 118 (42.3) | 55 (37.9) | 63 (47.0) |
Thiazolidinedione | 13 (4.7) | 5 (3.4) | 8 (6.0) |
Sulfonylurea | 41 (14.7) | 18 (12.4) | 23 (17.2) |
Glinide | 23 (8.2) | 9 (6.2) | 14 (10.4) |
DPP-4 inhibitor | 162 (58.1) | 85 (58.6) | 77 (57.5) |
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor | 25 (9.0) | 5 (3.4) | 20 (14.9) |
Insulin | 24 (8.6) | 8 (5.5) | 16 (11.9) |
GLP1 agonist | 14 (5.0) | 6 (4.1) | 8 (6.0) |
Number of oral diabetes medications | |||
1 | 72 (25.8) | 35 (24.1) | 37 (27.6) |
2 | 85 (30.5) | 42 (29.0) | 43 (32.1) |
≥3 | 99 (35.5) | 68 (46.9) | 31 (23.1) |
None | 23 (8.2) | 0 (0.0) | 23 (17.2) |
Morning home SBP, mmHg | 137.4 ± 11.7 n = 277 | 137.2 ± 11.2 n = 145 | 137.6 ± 12.2 n = 132 |
Morning home DBP, mmHg | 81.1 ± 10.3 n = 277 | 82.0 ± 9.4 n = 145 | 80.1 ± 11.3 n = 132 |
Bedtime home SBP, mmHg | 132.2 ± 13.3 n = 274 | 132.5 ± 12.6 n = 142 | 132.0 ± 14.1 n = 132 |
Bedtime home DBP, mmHg | 76.5 ± 11.2 n = 274 | 77.8 ± 10.8 n = 142 | 75.1 ± 11.4 n = 132 |
Office SBP, mmHg | 140.6 ± 14.0 | 138.5 ± 14.8 | 142.8 ± 12.7 |
Office DBP, mmHg | 79.1 ± 10.5 | 79.9 ± 10.1 | 78.3 ± 10.9 |
Serum potassium, mEq/L | 4.2 ± 0.4 n = 278 | 4.3 ± 0.4 n = 145 | 4.2 ± 0.4 n = 133 |
<4.5 | 209 (74.9) | 105 (72.4) | 104 (77.6) |
≥4.5 | 69 (24.7) | 40 (27.6) | 29 (21.6) |
eGFRcreat, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 61.7 ± 18.2 n = 278 | 65.1 ± 19.8 n = 145 | 58.0 ± 15.4 n = 133 |
30 to <60 | 168 (60.2) | 79 (54.5) | 89 (66.4) |
≥60 | 110 (39.4) | 66 (45.5) | 44 (32.8) |
UACR, mg/gCr | 144.1 ± 413.4 n = 278 | 174.1 ± 542.3 n = 145 | 111.3 ± 189.1 n = 133 |
<30 | 153 (54.8) | 79 (54.5) | 74 (55.2) |
≥30 | 125 (44.8) | 66 (45.5) | 59 (44.0) |
NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 102.9 ± 156.8 n = 267 | 87.4 ± 117.1 n = 140 | 119.9 ± 190.4 n = 127 |
<125 | 215 (77.1) | 115 (79.3) | 100 (74.6) |
≥125 | 52 (18.6) | 25 (17.2) | 27 (20.1) |
Plasma aldosterone concentration, pg/mL | 57.3 ± 38.0 n = 258 | 51.4 ± 40.0 n = 138 | 64.1 ± 34.4 n = 120 |
<120 | 246 (88.2) | 131 (90.3) | 115 (85.8) |
≥120 | 12 (4.3) | 7 (4.8) | 5 (3.7) |
Plasma renin activity, ng/mL/h | 4.3 ± 9.6 n = 263 | 5.1 ± 11.7 n = 139 | 3.5 ± 6.3 n = 124 |
<1.0 | 82 (29.4) | 42 (29.0) | 40 (29.9) |
≥1.0 | 181 (64.9) | 97 (66.9) | 84 (62.7) |
