Extended Data Fig. 6: Nuclear heat-responsive expression of the chloroplast gene psbA stabilizes thylakoid membranes against heat stress.

Transmission electron micrographs of the chloroplast ultrastructure from detached, fully expanded leaves of wild-type and the transgenic lines of Arabidopsis (a), tobacco (b) and rice (c) challenged with heat treatments (41oC, 4 h for Arabidopsis, 42oC, 3 h for tobacco and 44oC, 8 h for rice). Scale bars for TEM panels = 2 µm. Two times these experiments were repeated independently with similar results.