Extended Data Fig. 10: Lysozyme-coated LDH30 delivery and expression of 6.1 kb and 14.7 kb plasmids encoding the same 35S:GFP gene.

A, Representative confocal microscope images of N. benthamiana roots at day 2 post incubation with lysozyme-coated LDH30 loaded with a 14.7 kb plasmid encoding a 35S:GFP gene (Lys@LDH30-pDNA-2) at a plasmid DNA concentration of 10 mg/L. B, Comparison of GFP fluorescence intensity in roots incubated with Lys@LDH30-pDNA-2 or lysozyme-coated LDH30 loaded with a 6.1 kb plasmid encoding the same 35S:GFP gene (Lys@LDH30-pDNA-1) (mean ± SEM for n = 9 biological replicates). Data were normalized relative to control roots treated with lysozyme-coated LDH30 without plasmid DNA (Lys@LDH30). Treatments labelled with the same letter in B were not significantly different (p < 0.05) based on one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test.