Extended Data Fig. 6: Pairwise correlations for all plant traits used in this study.

Analyses were performed using field-measured data of this study. In each scatter plot, the blue scatter is represented by the raw data, and the red scatter is represented by PGLS data (removal of the phylogenetic signal). SM - seed mass, RD - root diameter, SRL - specific root length, RTD - root tissue density, RN- root nitrogen concentration, CT - root cortical thickness, VD – root vessel diameter, VDen – root vessel density, LA - single leaf area, SLA – specific leaf area, LN - leaf nitrogen concentration, and H - height of mature plants. Regression lines represent raw data correlations (blue) and phylogenetically-corrected bivariate relationships calculated by fitting Phylogenetic Generalized Least Square models (red). Correlation coefficients are obtained using Pearson correlation, with the raw data shown in blue and the phylogenetic correction data in red (* 0.05 > P > 0.01; ** 0.01 > P > 0.001; *** P < 0.001) Note that the two regression lines and scatter points are too close to be distinguished by the naked eye.