Table 2 Clinical findings of LH-RH agonists/antagonists used in the treatment of BPH

Goserelin⁹⁷

The potential of goserelin acetate in improving surgical outcomes for BPH patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) by minimizing intraoperative bleeding.

Clinical trial with 68 BPH patients receiving a single injection of goserelin acetate four weeks before surgery. Patients treated with goserelin acetate experienced a shorter surgery duration, lower blood loss, and more tissue removal during TURP.

Degarelix

(Trial#

NCT0094

7882)

A trial of degarelix in men with LUTS associated with BPH. Aimed to determine the optimal dose of degarelix and its effects on prostate volume, quality of life, and testosterone suppression-related safety issues.

Clinical trial with 380 men with moderate to severe LUTS. Degarelix significantly improved LUTS by reducing prostate volume and improving urinary flow. Patients experienced reduced symptoms such as urgency, frequency, weak flow, and incomplete bladder emptying.

Cetrorelix⁴⁰

Phase 3 trial assessed the efficacy and safety of cetrorelix in 667 patients with BPH.

Cetrorelix treatment resulted in significant improvements in urinary symptoms and quality of life over 8 weeks. High scores of urinary symptoms decreased significantly, indicating the potential in managing BPH.

Leuprolide⁹⁸

Adding Leuprolide acetate to the standard treatment for BPH, including a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor and an alpha-1-adrenergic inhibitor in 77 patients.

A statistically significant improvement in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in the intervention group vs. the control group. Clinical studies showed that leuprolide is effective in reducing prostate volume and improving symptoms such as urinary flow and retention.