Fig. 6: Palmitic acid intake increases inflammation, reduces cellular stress resistance and compromises femoral bone structure in old animals undergoing periodontal infection. | npj Aging

Fig. 6: Palmitic acid intake increases inflammation, reduces cellular stress resistance and compromises femoral bone structure in old animals undergoing periodontal infection.

From: Mediterranean diet component oleic acid decreases systemic impact of periodontal Porphyromonas gingivalis-infection in age: addressing role of stress resistance and microbiome

Fig. 6

Cells were isolated from young (21 weeks) and old (>20 months) mice on dietary intervention PA-ED, OA-ED as compared to ND for up to 9 weeks. a, b, i Cell pellets were analyzed for PI species UPLC-MS/MS. a Total PI amount (pmol). b, f–i 2.5 × 106 bone marrow cells (BMCs) collected after sacrifice, cultured for two days, 6 h infected with PBS or P. gingivalis. b Heatmaps depicting fold change of untreated control.: PI species proportion and subclasses (% of total PI) according to diet, age, infection as compared to controls (young ND/PBS). TRAP-staining of primed osteoclasts c young and d old donors. ImageJ-quantification by measurement of osteoclast-covered area- fold change of ND. e qPCR-analyses of old differentiated osteoclasts 6 h Porphyromonas-gingivalis-infection (relative normalized expression levels (RNE) of respective controls). Cell culture supernatants of primed BMCs were investigated for f TNFα-, g IL1ra- and h IL-6-secretion using ELISA- depicted in pg/ml as mean ± SEM. i cell pellets analyzed for diet-, age- and infection-specific proportion of PI(18:1/18:1) (% of total PI). Data as mean ± SEM, n = 5–8. IL-6-ELISA from cell culture supernatant of primed osteoblasts from young (21 weeks) and old (>20 months) C57BL6JRj in (j) pg/ml and k depicted as fold change of respective untreated control (n = 3). l-n histomorphometric analyses of TRAP-stained femoral slices depicting relation of bone volume (BV) to total volume (TV) (BV/TV). h Changes in BV/TV during ageing process in ND-fed animals. i, j Diet- and infection-dependent changes in femoral bone of old animals. Statistical analysis in ordinary one-way ANOVA a, j Dunnett´s or c–e, f–k Tukey’s post hoc tests within treatment groups, two-tailed Student’s t test for pairwise comparisons. ~ below detection limit; pairwise comparison to respective unstimulated control +p < 0.05 (in e); pairwise comparison between young and old # p < 0.05, ## p ≤ 0.01 (in h, j, k); *p < 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001; ****p ≤ 0.0001. ND normal diet, PA-ED palmitic acid enriched diet, OA-ED oleic acid enriched diet, CTRL control, P.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis. Scale in (m): 400 µm.

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