Table 4 Baseline characteristics of patients according to mortality status after matching.

From: Gut dysbiosis and mortality in hemodialysis patients

Characteristic

Dead (n = 14)

Alive (n = 56)

P Value

Age (years)

73 ± 9

71 ± 9

0.419

Male sex, n (%)

7 (50.0%)

28 (50.0%)

1.000

DM, n (%)

6 (42.9%)

32 (57.1%)

0.337

CVD, n (%)

9 (64.3%)

28 (50.0%)

0.338

Charlson comorbidity index

1–2

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 

3–4

0 (0.0%)

8 (14.3%)

0.133

≥5

14 (100.0%)

48 (85.7%)

 

Dialysis vintage (years)

7.0 (5.5–9.8)

8.0 (4.0–11.3)

0.797

Dialysis access type

Arteriovenous fistula

9 (64.3%)

51 (91.1%)

 

Arteriovenous graft

4 (28.6%)

5 (8.9%)

0.015

Central venous catheter

1 (7.1%)

0 (0.0%)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

22.4 ± 3.3

23.9 ± 3.5

0.134

FTI (kg/m2)

8.3 ± 4.5

9.6 ± 4.3

0.300

LTI (kg/m2)

13.6 ± 3.1

13.3 ± 3.4

0.813

BF (%)

26.1 ± 12.3

28.9 ± 10.7

0.405

Overhydration (%)

6.6 (−5.1–13.2)

6.1 (−0.9–10.0)

0.912

SGA score

5.0 (5.0–6.5)

6.0 (6.0–7.0)

0.032

PASE score

17 (2–73)

54 (22–71)

0.204

Medication

PPI, n (%)

1 (7.7%)

4 (7.1%)

0.945

Calcium carbonate, n (%)

9 (69.2%)

45 (80.4%)

0.381

CCB, n (%)

6 (46.2%)

28 (50.0%)

0.803

β-blocker, n (%)

7 (53.8%)

26 (46.4%)

0.630

RAASi, n (%)

4 (30.8%)

21 (37.5%)

0.649

Dietary intake (servings/day)

Vegetables

1.9 (0.3–2.7)

2.3 (1.8–3.2)

0.083

Fruits

0.7 (0.2–1.0)

0.6 (0.3–1.2)

0.497

Meat

0.6 (0.0–1.3)

0.7 (0.4–1.2)

0.696

Laboratory parameters

Kt/V

1.6 ± 0.6

1.8 ± 0.3

0.128

nPNA (g/kg/day)

1.1 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.3

0.095

Albumin (g/dl)

3.8 ± 0.3

4.0 ± 0.3

0.202

Fasting glucose (mg/dl)

115 (100–157)

111 (101–156)

0.877

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

138 (122–155)

157 (144–187)

0.033

LDL (mg/dl)

75 (68–87)

89 (69–111)

0.053

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

89 (59–193)

101 (68–153)

0.681

Calcium (mmol/l)

9.1 ± 0.8

9.4 ± 0.9

0.354

Phosphorus (mg/dl)

4.9 ± 1.5

5.1 ± 1.3

0.503

iPTH (pg/ml)

166 (24–494)

295 (185–577)

0.154

CRP (mg/dl)

0.36 (0.14–1.07)

0.26 (0.15–0.59)

0.436

IL-6 (pg/ml)

17.50 (10.59–34.95)

6.86 (5.06–14.76)

0.006

TNF-α (pg/ml)

7.07 (1.71–24.07)

2.53 (0.50–5.06)

0.026

  1. BF body fat, BMI body mass index, CCB calcium channel blocker, CRP C-reactive protein, CVD cardiovascular disease, DM diabetes mellitus, FTI fat tissue index, IL-6 interleukin-6, iPTH intact parathyroid hormone, LDL low-density lipoprotein, LTI lean tissue index, nPNA normalized protein nitrogen appearance, PASE the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, PPI proton pump inhibitor, RAASi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, SGA subjective global assessment, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α.
Back to article page