Fig. 1: Gut microbiota diversity analyses.

a Species diversity differences between the miscarriage (Mis) and control (Con) groups were estimated by the Chao1, and Shannon indices. The bar are shown as mean ± SD. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. b PCoA plot base of the relative abundance of OTUs showing bacterial structural clustering. (i) Unweighted UniFrac PCoA plots; (ii) Weighted UniFrac PCoA plots. Miscarriage group (blue dots), Con group (red dots), where dots represent individual samples. c Adonis analysis of statistical summary of different groups. F Model, represents F-test value; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.