Fig. 3: Penetration of established P. aeruginosa biofilms by nanosensors under flow conditions was independent of the charge of the nanosensors.
From: Fluorescent nanosensors reveal dynamic pH gradients during biofilm formation
P. aeruginosa biofilms were initially grown for 12 h without nanosensors before the medium was switched to medium with 5 mg mL−1 positive (a) or neutral (b) nanosensors for 5 h followed by a switch back to medium without nanosensors for another 5 h. Confocal images show nanosensor fluorescence (TAMRA, yellow) within the biofilm after the final wash step for both nanosensors (positive and neutral). For the purpose of these images TAMRA has been false coloured to yellow to facilitate visualisation of nanoparticle distribution.
