Fig. 5: Effect of allicin and raw garlic juice on CVD prevention and atherosclerosis amelioration through gut microbiota and TMAO modulation. | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Fig. 5: Effect of allicin and raw garlic juice on CVD prevention and atherosclerosis amelioration through gut microbiota and TMAO modulation.

From: Atherosclerosis amelioration by allicin in raw garlic through gut microbiota and trimethylamine-N-oxide modulation

Fig. 5

(1) Allicin decreased the gut microbiota- and host-derived TMA and TMAO levels in mice supplemented with ʟ-carnitine in drinking water; (2) Raw garlic juice reduced the plasma and urine TMAO levels and increased the beneficial gut bacterial abundance in high-TMAO producing humans; (3) Allicin ameliorated aortic lesions by reducing the TMA/TMAO production and altered the gut microbiome in ʟ-carnitine-induced atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice; (4) Raw garlic juice and allicin inhibited microbial pathway of carnitine → γBB → TMA conversion in specific bacteria and high-TMAO producer’s gut microbiota.

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