Fig. 6: The paradigm summarizing the microbiota-gut-kidney axis in mediating salt-related osmoregulation.
From: The microbiota-gut-kidney axis mediates host osmoregulation in a small desert mammal
Salt intake reduced the gut microbiota diversity and disrupted salt/water homeostasis. Caecal microbiota transplant (CMT) from the control to salt-treated gerbils improved the gut microbiota community with enriched beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus reuteri, but decreased potential pathogenic bacteria such as Parabacteroides distasonis and Prevotella copri. The recovery in gut bacteria and increase in short chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, after CMT was linked with alterations in intestinal and renal proteins, including aquaporin 2 (AQP2), epithelial sodium channel α (α-ENaC), free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) and cAMP–PKA, which play roles in osmoregulation and microbial signals. This image and every element of this image were created by the authors and no any previously-created elements were used in this image.
