Fig. 1: Sub-MIC antibiotics stimulate biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1.
Structurally and functionally diverse antibiotics a cefixime, b thiostrepton, and c tobramycin cause dose-dependent increases in biofilm formation as they approach the minimal inhibitory concentration. A two-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s test was performed to compare the untreated control and each drug treatment. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Three biological replicates were performed, with 3 technical replicates each. A representative biological replicate is shown, with individual data points shown as black circles and error bars representing the standard deviation. Planktonic growth (OD600, yellow) and biofilm (A600, purple) are both reported as percentage of the vehicle control. Dashed lines indicate the MIC cutoff. Source data are provided in Supplementary Data file 1.
