Fig. 5: Reduced salivary Proteobacteria and Pseudomonas mendocina following H. parainfluenzae inoculation.

A Summarized salivary microbiota. Colors correspond to taxa belonging to phyla as indicated in B. Each color depth corresponds to an individual taxon. The arc angle represents relative abundance. B Relative salivary abundance at the phylum level. C Analyses on Firmicutes-to-Proteobacteria ratio. The y-axis represents log fold with the base of e. Statistical significance was determined using the Mann-Whitney U test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. D Comparison at the phylum level analyzed by ANCOM-BC. E Paired analysis of Proteobacteria abundance with statistical significance determined using the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Mann-Whitney U test. F Comparison at the ASV level by ANCOM-BC. The tree was built based on phylogenetic similarity. Each tree label indicates the lowest annotated taxon of an ASV. G Paired analyses of Pseudomonas mendocina and the differentially abundant ASV annotated as Erysipelothrix sp. in F. Statistical significance was determined using the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Mann-Whitney U test. H Analysis of the pre-inoculational abundance of ASVs annotated to Pseudomonas mendocina and the differentially abundant ASV annotated as Erysipelothrix sp. in F by ANCOM-BC. ASV amplicon sequencing variant, H. para: Haemophilus parainfluenzae, *p < 0.05.