Fig. 5: Comparison of the oral microbiome metaproteomic response between IBD patients and healthy controls using OSaMPle workflow.

a Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (s-PLS-DA) of the metaproteomic response in IBD and HC groups. Right: Classification error rate derived from the sparse PLS-DA. b Volcano plot showing significantly differentially quantified proteins between IBD and HC groups (threshold: fold change > 1.5 and p value < 0.05). c Heatmap showing the highly distinctive structure of the oral metaproteome between two groups. rows represent the samples, and columns represent the 120 proteins. d Sankey plot shows taxonomy-function integration in more abundant proteins in IBD. e Sankey plot shows taxonomy-function integration in less abundant proteins in IBD. Letters represent different functional categories in the COGs database, and numbers represent functional protein LFQ intensity. f Pathways corresponding to significantly different COGs between the two groups. Orange lines indicate COGs more abundant in IBD group, blue lines indicate COGs less abundant in IBD group, and black lines indicate shared responses.